Dickkopf-1、LINGO-1、caveolin-1在脑出血中的表达水平变化及其与病情严重程度的关系

目的 探讨Dickkopf-1(DKK-1)、LINGO-1、小窝蛋白1(caveolin-1)在脑出血中的表达水平变化及其与病情严重程度的关系。方法 选取2017年5月-2019年5月在本院就诊的脑出血患者70例,少量出血25例,中量出血24例,大量出血21例; 根据美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(National institutes of health stroke scale,NIHSS)评分评估脑出血患者的病情严重程度其中轻型26例、中型24例、重型20例; 采用多田氏公式计算患者出血量,其中少量25例、中量24例、大量21例; 手术入路通道中临近血肿0.5cm脑组织作为脑出血组,将远隔血肿位置的脑组织作为对照组; 采用免疫组化染色检测相关因子的表达水平。结果 脑出血组DKK-1、LINGO-1、caveolin-1阳性表达率高于对照组(P<0.05); 大量出血患者阳性表达率高于中量和少量出血患者(P<0.05); 中量出血患者DKK-1、LINGO-1、caveolin-1阳性表达率高于少量出血患者(P<0.05)。重型脑出血患者DKK-1、LINGO-1、caveolin-1阳性表达率高于中型和轻型脑出血患者(P<0.05); 中型脑出血患者DKK-1、LINGO-1、caveolin-1阳性表达率高于轻型脑出血患者(P<0.05)。结论 Dickkopf-1、LINGO-1、caveolin-1在脑出血患者脑组织中高表达,并随着患者病情严重程度的加重,Dickkopf-1、LINGO-1、caveolin-1表达水平越高     

α-突触核蛋白聚集及传播模型的构建

目的 建立α-突触核蛋白(α-synuclein,α-syn)聚集及传播的细胞和动物模型,为帕金森病的发病机制研究提供基础。方法 亲和层析法纯化α-syn蛋白,体外诱导其聚集成为α-syn纤维(Preformed fibrils,PFFs); 培养稳定表达GFP-α-syn的HEK293细胞系及原代神经元,转导α-synPFFs后免疫荧光染色法观察细胞内α-syn聚集情况; 小鼠立体定位注射α-syn PFFs,免疫组织化学法检测内源性α-syn的聚集及传播情况。结果 纯化的α-syn可在体外聚集形成聚集体; 在细胞及动物水平观察到α-syn PFFs可诱导内源性蛋白的聚集和传播。结论 本研究建立了α-syn聚集及传播的细胞和动物模型,为帕金森病的相关研究打下了基础。     

血脑屏障通透性与接受溶栓的急性脑梗死患者预后的相关性

目的 探讨血脑屏障通透性与接受溶栓治疗的急性脑梗死患者预后的相关性。方法 纳入绵阳市盐亭县人民医院在2018年5月-2019年5月收治的急性脑梗死且接受溶栓治疗的患者共76例,随访3个月,根据预后情况分为预后良好组和预后不佳组,比较2组患者临床资料、实验室检查指标水平、血脑屏障通透性等。结果 所有研究对象随访3个月后共有8例患者失访,其中mRs评分为良好(0～1分)共32例,为预后良好组,余为预后不佳组(2～6分)共36例; 2组患者性别、BMI、梗死部位、冠心病史、高血压病史、糖尿病史、高脂血症史、脑卒中史、发病时间、吸烟史、饮酒史、家族史、应用药物、基线NIHSS评分、Cr,BUN,HDLc,LDLc,PLT,HGB,APTT,DD、空腹血糖、糖化血红蛋白水平均无明显差异(P>0.05); 预后良好组患者年龄、房颤史的比例、UA水平与预后不佳组比较均有明显差异(P<0.05); 2组患者AUC无明显差异(P>0.05); 预后良好组患者K_trans及V_P与预后不佳组比较均有明显差异(P<0.05); 进行logistics回归分析显示年龄(OR=1.190,P=0.026)、K_trans(OR=1.104,P=0.005)为预后不佳的危险因素,V_P(OR=0.556,P=0.022)为保护因素。结论 血脑屏障通透性为影响接受溶栓治疗的急性脑梗死患者预后的相关因素。     

双胎贫血-红细胞增多序列征分析及文献复习

目的探讨双胎贫血-红细胞增多序列征(TAPS)的临床特点，并进行文献复习。 方法选择2016年5月，四川大学华西第二医院新生儿科收治的单绒毛膜双羊膜囊(MCDA) TAPS新生儿(新生儿1、2)为研究对象。采用回顾性分析方法，收集本对TAPS新生儿的临床病例资料，对其临床特点进行分析。本研究对TAPS文献进行复习时，设定检索策略为：以"双胎贫血红-细胞增多序列征"为关键词，在中国知网、维普中文科技期刊数据库、万方数据知识服务平台中，检索TAPS相关文献，检索时间设定为各数据库建库至2018年8月31日。总结TAPS的临床特点及其诊断、治疗与预后。本研究遵循的程序符合2013年修订的《世界医学协会赫尔辛基宣言》要求。 结果①对本对TAPS新生儿母亲的临床资料采集如下：29岁，自然受孕，G₁P₀，孕龄为11^＋6孕周时，于本院建卡进行定期产前检查，乙型肝炎病毒携带病史20^＋年(接受定期随访)；孕龄为16^＋5孕周时，超声检查提示MCDA双活胎。于孕龄为36^＋4孕周时发现重度妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积症，予以地塞米松促胎肺成熟、保肝及降胆汁酸等治疗1 d后，经剖宫产术分娩一对活男婴。②对本对TAPS新生儿的临床资料采集如下：均为男性，出生胎龄为36^＋5周。其中，新生儿1：出生体重为2 420 g，生后1、5、10 min Apgar评分均为10分，生后1 h＋58 min转入本院新生儿科，全身皮肤红紫，胃管内反复抽出咖啡色胃液，穿刺部位、脐带残端可见渗血。转入本院新生儿科时，血红蛋白(Hb)值为278 g/L，血细胞比容为78.4%，网织红细胞百分比为3.0%，诊断为红细胞增多症等。新生儿2：出生体重为1 870 g，生后1、5、10 min Apgar评分均为10分，生后34 min转入本院新生儿科，全身皮肤苍白、反应差，竖颈差，四肢肌张力减低，原始反射减弱，转入本院新生儿科时，Hb值为63 g/L，血细胞比容为21.2%，网织红细胞百分比为39.7%，诊断为重度新生儿贫血等。新生儿1、2的Hb差值为215 g/L，并且新生儿2与新生儿1网织红细胞百分比的比值为13.2，确诊为TAPS双胎新生儿。新生儿1、2均合并多系统并发症，分别予以部分换血、输血治疗后好转出院，生后随访1年，生长发育均正常。③文献复习结果：按照本研究设定的文献检索策略，共计检索出7篇报道TAPS研究的文献，涉及25对(50例)TAPS新生儿/胎儿的临床特点、诊治及预后等方面研究。其中，受血儿均表现为多血貌，供血儿均表现为贫血貌。50例TAPS新生儿/胎儿的治疗结局为：37例(74.0%)好转出院，1例(2.0%)纳入原始研究时尚未娩出，9例(18.0%)死亡，2例(4.0%)因严重并发症放弃治疗后结局不详，1例(2.0%)新生儿因气腹征转院接受进一步治疗后失访。在37例好转出院的TAPS新生儿中，4例(10.8%)合并低白蛋白血症，4例(10.8%)合并神经系统损害，22例(59.5%)合并心血管系统并发症，14例(37.8%)合并呼吸系统并发症，14例(37.8%)合并新生儿黄疸；对其均缺乏长期随访，长期预后均不详。 结论国内报道的TAPS多于生后才被确诊，新生儿临床特点主要为MCDA新生儿的生后Hb差值大(>80 g/L)，而羊水量差异不明显，可合并多系统并发症，其长期预后目前尚不明确。对MCDA新生儿的大脑中动脉峰值流速(MCA-PSV)测定与胎盘超声检查，可协助临床于产前尽早诊断TAPS。     

Home-based exercise is associated with improved cardiac functional performance in patients after acute myocardial infarction

ObjectiveTo evaluate the effects of home-based exercise and physical activity on cardiac functional performance in patients after acute myocardial infarction (MI) during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.MethodsThis retrospective study enrolled patients that received treatment of acute ST-segment elevation MI between and were followed-up 6 months later. The patients were divided into physically active and inactive groups based on their levels of home exercise after hospital discharge.ResultsA total of 78 patients were enrolled in the study: 32 were physically active and 46 were physically inactive. The baseline characteristics were comparable between the two groups. At the 6-month visit, left ventricular ejection fraction and six-minute walking test (6MWT) were significantly improved while the proportion of patients with a New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional III classification was decreased in the active patients, whereas these parameters were not significantly changed in the inactive patients. In addition, the 6MWT was greater while the proportion of patients with an NYHA III classification was lower in the active group than the inactive group at the 6-month visit.ConclusionMaintaining physical activity at home was associated with improved cardiac functional performance in patients after acute MI during the COVID-19 pandemic.     

RIP3/MLKL-mediated neuronal necroptosis induced by methamphetamine at 39℃

Methamphetamine is one of the most prevalent drugs abused in the world.Methamphetamine abusers usually present with hyperpyrexia (39℃),hallucination and other psychiatric symptoms.However,the detailed mechanism underlying its neurotoxic action remains elusive.This study investigated the effects of methamphetamine + 39℃ on primary cortical neurons from the cortex of embryonic Sprague-Dawley rats.Primary cortex neurons were exposed to 1 mM methamphetamine + 39℃.Propidium iodide staining and lactate dehydrogenase release detection showed that methamphetamine + 39℃ triggered obvious necrosis-like death in cultured primary cortical neurons,which could be partially inhibited by receptor-interacting protein-1 (RIP1) inhibitor Necrostatin-1 partially.Western blot assay results showed that there were increases in the expressions of receptor-interacting protein-3 (RIP3) and mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein (MLKL) in the primary cortical neurons treated with 1 mM methamphetamine + 39℃ for 3 hours.After pre-treatment with RIP3 inhibitor GSK’872,propidium iodide staining and lactate dehydrogenase release detection showed that neuronal necrosis rate was significantly decreased;RIP3 and MLKL protein expression significantly decreased.Immunohistochemistry staining results also showed that the expressions of RIP3 and MLKL were up-regulated in brain specimens from humans who had died of methamphetamine abuse.Taken together,the above results suggest that methamphetamine + 39℃ can induce RIP3/MLKL regulated necroptosis,thereby resulting in neurotoxicity.The study protocol was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University,China (approval numbers: 2017-S026 and 2017-S033) on March 7,2017.